Issue |
Nat. Sci. Soc.
Volume 31, Number 3, Juillet/Septembre 2023
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 281 - 298 | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/nss/2023046 | |
Published online | 26 January 2024 |
Agriculture numérique : une promesse au service d’un nouvel esprit du productivisme
Digital farming: a promise for a new spirit of productivism
1
Géographie, INNOVATION, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
2
Économie, INNOVATION, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
* Auteur correspondant : theo.courriel@gmail.com
Reçu :
30
Mars
2022
Accepté :
5
Janvier
2023
Depuis la fin des années 2010, l’agriculture numérique connaît un essor important caractérisé par la création d’entreprises, de dispositifs de recherche mais également la mise à l’agenda des politiques publiques. Nous proposons ici de comprendre l’agriculture numérique comme une promesse technoscientifique qui renouvelle l’esprit du productivisme agricole. Dans une première partie, nous identifions les régularités discursives et la singularité d’une promesse traversée par deux tensions. L’une oppose l’annonce d’une rupture technologique à l’impératif d’une légitimité qui passe par un ancrage aux structures existantes. L’autre confronte la construction rhétorique d’une agriculture numérique au singulier à la diversité des innovations et des modèles agricoles et alimentaires qu’elle intègre. Dans une seconde partie, nous analysons les réponses que cette promesse fournit aux critiques d’un productivisme en crise renouvelant ainsi l’esprit du productivisme agricole.
Abstract
Since the end of the 2010s, digital agriculture has experienced significant developments, characterized by the creation of new businesses and research projects, as well as its introduction on the public policy agenda. We propose here to understand digital agriculture as a techno-scientific promise which renews the spirit of agricultural productivism. In the first part, we identify the discursive patterns and the singularity of this promise, which is subject to two tensions. The first opposes the proclamation of a technological break to the imperative of a needed credibility that requires an adhesion to existing structures. The second tension occurs between the rhetorical construction of a single model of digital agriculture and the diversity of innovations and agricultural and food models that it integrates. In the second part, we analyze the answer that this promise provides to the critics of the productivism model. This answer renews the spirit of agricultural productivism using three main arguments: i) disintermediation and participation of farmers and consumers; ii) consideration of a sustainable development; and iii) accommodation of a diversity of agricultural and food models.
Mots clés : agriculture numérique / promesse technoscientifique / productivisme / France / innovation
Key words: digital agriculture / technoscientific promise / productivism / France / innovation
© T. Martin et É. Schnebelin, Hosted by EDP Sciences, 2023
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, except for commercial purposes, provided the original work is properly cited.
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