Issue |
Nat. Sci. Soc.
Volume 29, Number 4, Octobre/Décembre 2021
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 423 - 438 | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/nss/2022007 | |
Published online | 20 May 2022 |
Les services écosystémiques culturels rendus par les zones humides protégées en Méditerranée : élaboration d’un indicateur de suivi
Cultural ecosystem services provided by wetlands in the Mediterranean area: elaboration of a monitoring indicator
1
Socioéconomie, CIHEAM-IAMM, UMR SENS, CIRAD, IRD, Univ Paul Valery Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
2
Écologie, OZHM, Tour du Valat, Arles, France
3
Économie, FAO, Tunis, Tunisie
4
Économie de l’environnement, CEE-M, Montpellier, France
5
Économie, Université Montpellier 1, UMR Art-Dev, Montpellier, France
* Auteur correspondant : requier@iamm.fr
Reçu :
21
Janvier
2019
Accepté :
1
Avril
2021
Cette recherche cible l’élaboration d’un indicateur multicritère des services écosystémiques culturels (SEC) des zones humides méditerranéennes protégées. Basé sur les perceptions sociales des visiteurs, il vise la mesure de l’impact de la visite. Sa structure indicielle est adossée aux approches multi-capitaux. Avec un indice moyen de 0.68 obtenu sur 19 sites méditerranéens, cet impact sur le bien-être est indéniable. L’amélioration de cette valeur passe par un renforcement de l’impact humain des visites. Renforcer les effets de la visite dépend des aménagements proposés sur les sites. En effet, les services naturels et construits dans un écosystème doivent se renforcer mutuellement pour créer des impacts sur le bien-être des visiteurs. À l’échelle des sites, les choix locaux de gestion stratégique et la politique nationale environnementale déterminent le niveau des différents capitaux de l’indicateur.
Abstract
Cultural ecosystem services benefits are often mentioned but seldom quantified in the scientific literature. The construction of a multi-criteria and non-monetary index based on multi-capital approaches aims to measure the recreational and educational benefits from visiting protected Mediterranean wetlands. Definition of the index structure results from a series of nine perception studies in Mediterranean wetlands. It is based on a grid with four types of capital that structure the analysis of the relationship between wetlands and societies: natural capital and built capital (condition capitals), human capital and social capital (impact capital). The index result for 19 Mediterranean sites is 0,68, showing global positive impacts of wetland visits on well-being. At the regional scale, natural capital holds the highest rank while human capital holds the lowest. Improving the impact of wetland visits on humans is thus a relevant target. Strengthening the effects on well-being also depends on the quality of the facilities offered at the sites. Natural and built services in an ecosystem have mutually to support each other so as to create positive impacts on well-being without damaging natural resources. At site level, results differ according to local strategic management choices and national environmental policies. This first step allows to establish a baseline and shows the index relevance with regard to both operational expectations and, in the field of research, on the evaluation of CES.
Mots clés : environnement / gouvernance / services écosystémiques culturels / capitaux multiples / indicateurs
Key words: environment / governance / cultural ecosystem services / multiple capitals / indicator
© M. Requier-Desjardins et al., Hosted by EDP Sciences, 2022
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, except for commercial purposes, provided the original work is properly cited.
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