Issue |
Nat. Sci. Soc.
Volume 22, Number 1, janvier-mars 2014
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 15 - 22 | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/nss/2014015 | |
Published online | 07 April 2014 |
Légitimation des savoirs environnementaux dans un programme de recherche participative au Sénégal
Legitimation of environmental knowledge in a participative research project in Senegal
1
Anthropologue, UPR Green, CIRAD, 34398
Montpellier cedex,
France
2
Sciences de l’information et de la communication, CERILAC,
Université Paris 7 Diderot, 75013
Paris,
France
Auteur correspondant : F. Jankowski,
frederique.jankowski@cirad.fr
Accepté : 4 Juillet 2013
La participation est devenue une injonction de modernisation d’une recherche intégrée à des enjeux économiques et sociaux. De précédentes études ont décrit la manière dont la prise en compte des savoirs locaux dans le cadre de recherches participatives implique des remaniements de ces savoirs pour qu’ils répondent à des critères de scientificité. Cet article se propose d’observer les processus de légitimation des savoirs locaux à l’œuvre non pas a posteriori mais au cours d’une recherche participative. Les modes de légitimation des savoirs scientifiques sont également questionnés. Il s’agit d’observer le processus dialectique entre définition de savoirs et rapports de légitimité dans les recherches participatives. Le lien entre processus de légitimation et réappropriation des savoirs issus de l’action collective est discuté.
Abstract
Participation has become one of the key technical and political standards in the modernization of research embedded in economic and social issues. Previous studies have described how the incorporation of local knowledge in participative research implies reorganizing this knowledge to comply with scientificity criteria. Our paper analyses the legitimation processes of local knowledge not a posteriori, but in the course of a participative research project. The study shows that, in this context, what is being legitimized is not local knowledge only, but that scientific knowledge also becomes a legitimation issue for different actors. Based on data collected between April 2009 and April 2011 during a participative research project in Senegal, we describe various forms of legitimation of local and scientific environmental knowledge. This study exposes the dialectical process at work during the participative research between definitions of knowledge and positioning of power. More broadly, we discuss the link between the legitimation process and the appropriation of the knowledge shared in collective action for both the local and the scientific circles involved.
Mots clés : Savoirs académiques et non académiques / légitimation / recherche / gouvernance / Sénégal
Key words: Academic and non-academic knowledge / legitimation / research / governance / Senegal
© NSS-Dialogues, EDP Sciences 2014
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