| Issue |
Nat. Sci. Soc.
Volume 29, 2021
Pour une géologie politique
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Page(s) | S33 - S42 | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/nss/2021042 | |
| Published online | 17 November 2021 | |
Des dispositifs pluralistes sous contrôle : internaliser les critiques pour gouverner le stockage des déchets radioactifs★
Pluralist processes under control: internalizing criticism to govern the storage of radioactive waste
Sociologie, Chaire Santé, Sciences-Po Paris,
Paris, France
* Auteur correspondant : julieblanck@gmail.com
Le stockage géologique de déchets radioactifs constitue un cas de politisation du sous-sol, autour d’un objet hybride alliant activités minières et nucléaires. Cet article explore les transformations du gouvernement de ce stockage, avec la mise en place de trois dispositifs pluralistes de pilotage et d’internalisation de critiques, afin de désamorcer les mouvements contestataires au moment de sa réalisation. Il étudie successivement la démarche de concertation pour la sélection de la zone d’implantation ; le groupe de pilotage du plan national pour la gestion des matières et déchets radioactifs et le débat public organisé en 2013 sur les modalités du stockage. À travers ces trois dispositifs, les promoteurs du projet tentent d’en maîtriser la politisation : ils intègrent ou écartent certaines critiques pour légitimer un projet contesté, tout en verrouillant son opportunité.
Abstract
The geological disposal of radioactive waste offers a particularly visible case of politicization of the subsurface around a hybrid project which combines mining and nuclear activities. This article explores the changes in disposal governance involving the creation of three pluralistic systems for piloting and internalizing criticism in order to defuse protest movements at the time of its implementation. It successively studies the concertation process for the selection of the disposal area, the steering group of the National Plan for the Management of Radioactive Materials and Waste, and the Public Debate organized in 2013 on storage conditions and methods. Through these three instruments the operators attempt to set up a controlled and ambiguous process of politicization. Projects are altered to legitimate them by taking into account requests from critical actors, although the most radical criticism such as questioning the timeliness of a project is dismissed and its opportunity kept firmly out of the debate.
Mots clés : stockage géologique / déchets radioactifs / politisation / critiques / gouvernement des risques
Key words: geological storage / radioactive waste / politicization / criticism / risk government
© J. Blanck, Hosted by EDP Sciences, 2021
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, except for commercial purposes, provided the original work is properly cited.
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