Issue |
Nat. Sci. Soc.
Volume 22, Number 3, Juillet-Septembre 2014
Dossier « Territoires en transition environnementale »
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 195 - 203 | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/nss/2014036 | |
Published online | 17 November 2014 |
Dossier « Territoires en transition environnementale » – L’action des collectivités territoriales face au « problème climat » en France : une caractérisation par les politiques environnementales1
Action undertaken by French territorial authorities faced with the “climate issue”: environmental policies as a characterization tool
Aménagement de l’espace et urbanisme, Université de
Tours, CNRS, UMR 7324 CITERES, 37204
Tours cedex 3,
France
Auteur correspondant : F. Bertrand,
francois.bertrand@univ-tours.fr
Cet article propose une lecture de l’institutionnalisation locale du « problème climat », ce dernier désignant les changements climatiques en tant que nouvel objet d’action collective. En s’appuyant sur l’analyse de la littérature scientifique et institutionnelle et sur des observations de terrain, l’article analyse deux dimensions caractéristiques des formes de l’action environnementale locale : les étapes de la territorialisation de l’action climatique et les modalités d’opérationnalisation des politiques climatiques locales que sont la coconstruction, la concertation et l’évaluation.
Abstract
Our paper analyses the construction and implementation processes of local climate policies taking environmental policies as an analytical framework. Climate change, currently designated as “the climate problem”, is considered as a new object for collective action. The analysis makes a distinction between mitigation actions that aim to reduce identified causes of the problem (control and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions) and adaptive actions designed to anticipate the consequences and effects of climate change. Based on an analysis of institutional and scientific literature and on observations collected since 2005 via several research projects on the integration of climate issues into regional and local actions (Bertrand et Larrue, 2007; Bertrand et Rocher, 2007; Bertrand et al. 2012), the paper focusses on two characteristic dimensions of local environmental action : first the territorialization of climate action considered through two periods of institutionalization – the time of pioneers and the time of generalization –, and second the terms of operationalization of local climate policies analysed in terms of co-construction, consultation and evaluation.
Mots clés : changements climatiques / territoire / adaptation / concertation / action publique locale
Key words: climate change / territory / adaptation / consultation / local public policies
© NSS-Dialogues, EDP Sciences 2014
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